At a time when the states of central India were falling prey to the expansionist policy of the Magadha Empire, there was an atmosphere of extreme political anarchy and disorder in the northwestern region. This region was divided into many small states, for example Madra, Kamboj, Gandhara etc. On the other hand, the fertile valley of the Indus made the region prosperous. The coming together of political instability and prosperity was the biggest temptation for any foreign invader.
